1.Tight-lipped elders used to say， “It‘s not what you want in this world， but what you get.”
【写作技法】强调：not---， but---不是---，而是---。（注意：该句型强调的是but后面的内容）
【翻译】沉默寡言的老人过去常说，“在这个世界上不在于你想要什么，而在于你得到什么。”
2.Psychology teaches that you do get what you want if you know what you want and want the right things. （强调）
【写作技法】用do表强调
【翻译】心理学告诉我们：你一定会得到你想要的东西，如果你知道你想要什么并且想要的是正确的东西。
3. While talking to you， your could-be employer is deciding whether your education， your experience， and other qualifications will pay him to employ you and your “wares” and abilities must be displayed in an orderly and reasonably connected manner.
【写作技法】主句和从句主语相同，于是省略主语，用分词形式更为正式。
【翻译】当你未来的老板同你谈话的时候，他就会决定你的教育、你的经验和你的其他资格是否可以让他雇用你，你的素质和能力必须以一种有序的合理的方式展现出来。
4. Spend a certain amount of time each day seeking the employment you wish for， and keep in mind： Securing a job is your job now.
【写作技法】冒号的特殊用法，高度概括或解释说明。
【翻译】每天花一点时间寻找你希望的从事的工作，并且记住：找工作才是当务之急。
5. With the start of BBC World Service Television， millions of viewers in Asia and America can now watch the Corporation’s news coverage， as well as listen to it. And of course in Britain listeners and viewers can tune into two BBC television channels， five BBC national radio services and dozens of local radio station.
【写作技法】并列词的用法：as well as不要连接句子，前后可以连接单词或词组。And句子、词组和单词都可以连接。
【翻译】随着BBC国际电视服务节目的开播，数百万来自亚洲和美洲的观众们现在不仅可以收听到该公司的新闻报道，而且还可以收看到。当然，英国的听众和观众可以收看两档BBC电视频道，五档BBC国内广播电台，几十档地方广播电台。
【注意】（1）A as well as B结构中，强调的是A（2）A and B结构中，两者同等重要
6. It is a remarkable record， stretching back over 70 years， yet the BBC‘s future （prospect） is now in doubt. The Corporation will survive as a publicly-funded broadcasting organization， at least for the time being， but its role， its size and its programmes are now the subject of a nation-vide debate in Britain.
【写作技法】用转折提出怀疑
【翻译】在过去的70年里，这是一项相当了不起的成绩。但是BBC的未来却前景不明。至少目前，BBC公司还是由政府资助。但是它的职能、它的规模和它的节目内容现在在英国上下引起了广泛争议。
7. The debate was launched by the Government， which invited anyone with an opinion of the BBC-including ordinary listeners and viewers-to say what was good or bad about the Government， and even whether they thought it was worth keeping.
【写作技法】介词短语充当插入语，起解释说明作用。
【翻译】该争论由英国政府发起，邀请任何人--包括普通的听众和观众--对BBC发表意见，评论它的好坏，甚至是否认为BBC还值得保留下去。
8. But it is the arrival of new satellite channel-funded partly by advertising and partly by viewers’ subscriptions-which will bring about the biggest changes in the long term.
【写作技法】过去分词短语作插入语
【翻译】但是从长远来说，新的卫星电视频道-其资金部分来自广告赞助，部分来自观众交纳的费用-将会带来最大的改变。
9. In the last half of the nineteenth century “capital” and “labour” were enlarging and perfecting their rival organizations on modern lines.
【写作技法】时间状语开头
【翻译】十九世纪后半叶，“资方”和“劳方”按现代化方式不断扩大和完善各自相对独立的组织。
10. The change met the technical requirements of the new age by engaging a large professional element and prevented the decline in efficiency that so commonly spoiled the fortunes of family firms in the second and third generation after the energetic founders.
【写作技法】句型搭配：“变化通过---手段满足---技术要求。”
【翻译】这种变化通过引入大量的职业化元素，满足了新时代的企业技术要求，并且阻止了工作效率下降，而在过去这种低效率使得许多旧式家族企业在精力充沛的创业者之后的第二、三代手中倒闭破产。
11. The growth of the limited liability company and municipal business had important consequences. Such large， impersonal manipulation of capital and industry greatly increased the numbers and importance of shareholders as a class， an elementary in national life representing irresponsible wealth detached from the land and the duties of the landowners； and almost equally detached from the responsible management of business.
【写作技法】表示“------有重要结果”
【翻译】有限责任公司及市政企业的发展有重要结果。对资本与企业的如此大规模的非个人化操纵大大地增加了作为一个阶级的股东的数量及其地位的重要性。他们在国民生活中代表着非责任化的财富，与土地及土地所有者责任相分离，几乎也同样与企业的责任经营相分离。
12. On the other hand “shareholding” meant leisure and freedom which was used by many of the later Victorians for the highest purpose of a great civilization.
【写作技法】转折词的使用
【翻译】另一方面“持股”就意味着休闲和自由，许多维多利亚后期的人将其视为伟大文明的最高目标。
13. The “shareholders” as such had no knowledge of the lives， thoughts or needs of the workmen employed by the company in which he held shares， and his influence on the relations of capital and labour was not good.
【写作技法】as such承上启下，意思“如上述所指的人或物那样”；词组have no knowledge of“不了解”
【翻译】这种股东不了解他们所持股的公司里工人们的生活、思想和需求。他们对劳资关系也不会有积极的影响。
14. Indeed the mere size of operations and the numbers of workmen involved rendered such personal relations impossible. Fortunately， however， the increasing power and organization of the trade unions， at least in all skilled trades， enabled the workmen to meet on equal terms the managers of the companies who employed them.
【写作技法】however表转折
【翻译】的确，仅从公司经营规模和所雇佣的工人数量来看，建立这种个人关系是不可能的。然而，幸运的是，工会的势力和组织日益壮大，至少在各技术行业是这样，这就使工人和雇用他们的公司里的经理处于平等地位。
15. What account for the great outburst of major inventions in early America-breakthroughs such as the telegraph， the steamboat and the weaving machine？ Among the many shaping factors， I would single out the country‘s excellent elementary school； a labor force that welcome the new technology； the practice of giving premiums to inventors； and above all the American genius for nonverbal， “spatial” thinking about things technological.
【写作技法】面对提问，举例子证明。
【翻译】什么原因可以解释早期美国重大发明的大爆发呢？该突破包括电报、汽船和织布机。在诸多形成因素当中，我将特别指出这个国家优秀的小学教育；欢迎新技术的劳动力、奖励发明者的做法；最重要的是美国人处理技术性事物时，那种天生的非语言性“空间”思维。
16. Why mention the elementary school？ Because thanks to these schools our early mechanics， especially in the New England and Middle Atlantic states， were generally literate and at home in arithmetic and in some aspects of geometry and trigonometry.
【写作技法】以设问的形式提出问题、分析问题
【翻译】为什么提到小学教育？正是因为有了这些学校，我们的早期技工--尤其在新英格兰和大西洋中部各州--才能够普遍有文化、精通算术，并且了解一些几何和三角。
17. More significantly， they argue that many of the Founding Fathers knew slavery was wrong-and yet most did little to fight it.
【写作技法】阐述观点句型
【翻译】更意味深长的是，他们认为许多开国元勋明知奴隶制错误，却很少有人试图推翻它。
18. A further stimulus to invention came from the “premium” system， which preceded our patent system and for years ran parallel with it.
【写作技法】表原因
【翻译】对发明创造的另一个刺激因素来自“奖励”制度，它产生于专利制度之前，并且与后者共存许多年。
19. Given this optimistic approach to technological innovation， the American worker took readily to that special kind of nonverbal thinking required in mechanical technology.
【写作技法】表原因
【翻译】鉴于这种对技术创新的乐观态度，美国工人很快便接受了机械技术所需要的那种特殊的非语言的思维方式。
20. This nonverbal “spatial” thinking can be just as creative as painting and writing.
【写作技法】运用“比较”结构之一：as---as---
【翻译】这种非语言性“空间”思维方式与绘画和写作一样具有创造性。
21. When all these shaping forces-schools， open attitudes， the premium system， a genius for spatial thinking- interacted with one another on the rich U.S. mainland they produced that American characteristic， emulation. Today that word implies mere imitation. But in earlier times it meant a friendly but competitive striving for fame and excellence.
【写作技法】采用“插入语”，用详实的例子来解释前面的宏观抽象概念。
【翻译】当所有这些因素--学校、开放的态度、奖励制度和空间思维天赋--在富饶的美国大陆上相互作用时，便造就了美国人的特性：效仿。今天这个词仅意味着“模仿”，但在早期美国，它却意味着为名誉和出类拔萃而进行的友好且充满竞争的努力。
22. The goal of all will be to try to explain to a confused and often unenlightened citizenry that there are not two equally valid scientific theories for the origin and evolution of universe and life.
【写作技法】there be句型
【翻译】所有这些书的目的都在试图告诉那些困惑不解且通常愚昧无知的老百姓：关于宇宙和生命的起源与进化，不可能同时存在两种同样有效的科学理论。
23. This book stands for reason itself. And so it does-and all would be well were reason the only judge in the creationism/evolution debate.
【写作技法】省略了if的虚拟语气，发生倒装。原句应该为“all wold be well if reason were the only judge in the creationism/ evolution debate.”
【翻译】这本书本身就代表了理性。的却如此--如果理性是神创论和进化论之争的唯一评判标准，那么一切问题就迎刃而解了。
24. We posted bulletins all day long， because of course this isn’t just something that happened in Australia. It‘s world history.
【写作技法】用于写作收尾起到非常好的立意效果
【翻译】我们一整天都在发布公告，因为这绝不仅仅是发生在澳大利亚的事情，这是整个世界历史性的时刻。
25. The full import may take a while to sink in.
【写作技法】试图说明某一结论还尚未成熟、未被人所普遍接受的时候，可以采用该句式。
【翻译】这一法案的深刻意义要得到人们的深刻理解可能还需要一段时间。
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