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考研英语词汇:形态学概述
(7) Back-formation
Back-formation refers to an abnormal type of word-formation where a shorter word is derived by deleting an imaged affix from a longer form already in the language.
(6) Analogical creation
The principle of analogical creation can account for the co-existence of two forms, regular and irregular, in the conjugation of some English verbs.
(7) Class shift / Zero-derivation / conversion
By shifting word class one can change the meaning of a word from a concrete entity or notion to process or attribution.
(8) Borrowing
English in its development has managed to widen her vocabulary by borrowing words from other languages. Greek, Latin, French, Spanish, Arabic and other languages have all played an active role in this process.